linux commands
lots of lovely commands for you.
executing files
- make file executable
- chmod +x file.txt
- execute a file (like a cron)
- ./file.txt
file and directory sizes
- filesystem disk space
- df -h
- size of directory
- du -sh /the/dir/
- list of directories and size
- du -sh --max-depth=1 /var/www/vhosts/
reading & outputting files
- output a file to screen
- cat file.txt
- append one file to another
- cat file1.txt >> file2.txt
- view a long file in pages
- less file.txt or cat file.txt | less
writing to files
- append some text to a file
- echo 'hi there' >> file.txt
- overwrite a file
- echo 'im the new content' > file.txt
grep: finding text within files
- find text in a file
- cat file.txt | grep -l 'the text'
- show all lines except 'this text'
- cat file1.txt | grep -v 'this text'
common commands
- create symbolic link
- ln -s file.txt symlink
- copy files in directory
- cp the/dir/* new/dir -R
- move a file
- mv ~stuart/file.txt ~you/
- change ownership of directory
- chown newuser.newgroup dir/
- change permissions of file
- chown 644 user.group
- make new directory
- mkdir newdir/
split large files / join them back together again
- split a large file into chunks
- split --bytes=2m bigfile.tar bit_
- join chunks back together again
- cat bit_* >> newbigfile
wget
- wget all files of type
- wget -r -A.pdf http://www.thewebsite.com/pdfs/
- wget entire site like a spider
- wget -r http://www.thewebsite.com
tar
- compress a directory
- tar zcvf thetar.tar dir/
- uncompress a directory
- tar zxvf thetar.tar
- tar shitloads of files (argument list too long stylie)
- find -iname '*.JPG' > imageList ↵
tar zcvf feedImages.tar --files-from imageList
listing files and directories
- list files that begin with 'stu'
- ll stu*
- list files that end with 'php'
- ll *php
- show all files
- ls -a
- show filesizes human format
- ls -h
- sort by size
- ls -S
- sort by modified date
- ls -t
- reverse order
- ls -r
- all together now
- ls -lahSr
finding files
- files with certain characters in their name
- find . -type f -name '*index*'
- files over a certain size
- find . -type f -size +10000k
- everything owend by stuart
- find . -user stuart
- everything with these permissions
- find . -perm 777
- files changed in the last 3 days
- find . -type f -mtime -3 -name '*html'
- directories changed in the last 30 minutes
- find . -type d -mmin 30 -name '*php'
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